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LIMIT TEST FOR SULPHATES
LIMIT TEST FOR SULPHATES AIM : To perform limit test for sulphates in the given sample. APPARATUS REQIURED : Nessler’s cylinder, beaker, pipette, measuring cylinder, glass rods. CHEMICALS REQUIRED : BaCl 2 solution, BaSO 4 reagent, dil. HCl, standard solution of potassium sulphate, distilled water, test sample, PRINCIPLE : This test is designed for the control of sulphate impurity in inorganic substances. It depends upon the precipitation of the sulphate with barium chloride in the presence of HCl and traces of barium sulphate. The turbidity obtained is compared with standard solution, which contains the known amount of sulphate ions under the same experimental conditions. SO 4 2- + BaCl 2 -------- Dil.HCl------- BaSO 4 + 2Cl - PROCEDURE : Preparation of BaSO 4 reagent: This reagent must be freely pr...
LIMIT TEST FOR CHLORIDES
LIMIT TEST FOR CHLORIDES AIM: To perform the limit test for chlorides in the given sample . APPARATUS REQUIRED: Nessler’s cylinders, glass rod, beaker and pipette. CHEMICALS REQUIRED: Standard Sodium Chloride solution, dilute Nitric acid, 0.1 M Silver natrate solution and Hydrochloric acid. PRINCIPLE : This test is designed for the control of chloride impurity in inorganic substances. It depends upon the precipitation of chlorides upon reaction with silver nitrate in the presence of nitric acid. The extent of precipitation depends upon the amount of silver chloride formed i.e. on the amount of chloride ions present in the substance. The opalescence produced was compared with a reference standard opalescence having a known amount of chloride impurity. Cl - + AgNO 3 ...